CAPTCHA 操作的结构化日志记录

当验证码解决在凌晨 3 点失败时，"Error solving captcha" 等纯文本日志没有帮助。包含任务 ID、验证码类型、解决时间和错误代码的结构化 JSON 日志可让您过滤、搜索并准确地发出错误警报。

为什么要结构化日志记录

Python：结构日志

import structlog
import time

structlog.configure(
    processors=[
        structlog.processors.TimeStamper(fmt="iso"),
        structlog.processors.add_log_level,
        structlog.processors.JSONRenderer(),
    ],
    logger_factory=structlog.PrintLoggerFactory(),
)

log = structlog.get_logger()

记录求解生命周期

import requests

API_KEY = "YOUR_API_KEY"


def solve_captcha(captcha_type, sitekey, page_url, proxy=None):
    solve_log = log.bind(
        captcha_type=captcha_type,
        site_url=page_url,
        sitekey=sitekey[:12] + "...",
    )

    # Submit
    start = time.time()
    solve_log.info("captcha_submit_start")

    resp = requests.post("https://ocr.captchaai.com/in.php", data={
        "key": API_KEY,
        "method": "userrecaptcha",
        "googlekey": sitekey,
        "pageurl": page_url,
        "json": "1",
    }).json()

    if resp["status"] != 1:
        solve_log.error("captcha_submit_failed", error=resp["request"])
        return None

    task_id = resp["request"]
    submit_ms = int((time.time() - start) * 1000)
    solve_log = solve_log.bind(task_id=task_id)
    solve_log.info("captcha_submitted", submit_ms=submit_ms)

    # Poll
    for attempt in range(24):
        time.sleep(5)
        result = requests.get("https://ocr.captchaai.com/res.php", params={
            "key": API_KEY, "action": "get", "id": task_id, "json": "1"
        }).json()

        if result["status"] == 1:
            solve_ms = int((time.time() - start) * 1000)
            solve_log.info(
                "captcha_solved",
                solve_time_ms=solve_ms,
                poll_attempts=attempt + 1,
                token_length=len(result["request"]),
            )
            return result["request"]

        if result["request"] != "CAPCHA_NOT_READY":
            solve_log.error(
                "captcha_solve_failed",
                error=result["request"],
                poll_attempts=attempt + 1,
            )
            return None

    solve_log.warning("captcha_solve_timeout", poll_attempts=24)
    return None

输出：

{"event":"captcha_submit_start","captcha_type":"recaptcha_v2","site_url":"https://example.com","sitekey":"6Le-wvkSAAAA...","timestamp":"2025-07-15T10:30:00Z","level":"info"}
{"event":"captcha_submitted","task_id":"71845302","submit_ms":245,"timestamp":"2025-07-15T10:30:00Z","level":"info"}
{"event":"captcha_solved","task_id":"71845302","solve_time_ms":18230,"poll_attempts":4,"token_length":580,"timestamp":"2025-07-15T10:30:18Z","level":"info"}

Node.js：皮诺

const pino = require('pino');

const log = pino({
  level: 'info',
  timestamp: pino.stdTimeFunctions.isoTime,
});

记录求解生命周期

const axios = require('axios');

const API_KEY = 'YOUR_API_KEY';

async function solveCaptcha(captchaType, sitekey, pageUrl) {
  const taskLog = log.child({
    captchaType,
    siteUrl: pageUrl,
    sitekey: sitekey.substring(0, 12) + '...',
  });

  const start = Date.now();
  taskLog.info('captcha_submit_start');

  const submit = await axios.post('https://ocr.captchaai.com/in.php', null, {
    params: {
      key: API_KEY, method: 'userrecaptcha',
      googlekey: sitekey, pageurl: pageUrl, json: 1,
    },
  });

  if (submit.data.status !== 1) {
    taskLog.error({ error: submit.data.request }, 'captcha_submit_failed');
    return null;
  }

  const taskId = submit.data.request;
  const boundLog = taskLog.child({ taskId });
  boundLog.info({ submitMs: Date.now() - start }, 'captcha_submitted');

  for (let attempt = 1; attempt <= 24; attempt++) {
    await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 5000));
    const poll = await axios.get('https://ocr.captchaai.com/res.php', {
      params: { key: API_KEY, action: 'get', id: taskId, json: 1 },
    });

    if (poll.data.status === 1) {
      boundLog.info({
        solveTimeMs: Date.now() - start,
        pollAttempts: attempt,
        tokenLength: poll.data.request.length,
      }, 'captcha_solved');
      return poll.data.request;
    }

    if (poll.data.request !== 'CAPCHA_NOT_READY') {
      boundLog.error({ error: poll.data.request, pollAttempts: attempt }, 'captcha_solve_failed');
      return null;
    }
  }

  boundLog.warn({ pollAttempts: 24 }, 'captcha_solve_timeout');
  return null;
}

日志字段参考

过滤和警报

查找最近一小时内的所有故障

# With jq
cat captcha.log | jq 'select(.level == "error" and .event == "captcha_solve_failed")'

高故障率警报

# Count errors vs successes in a rolling window
from collections import deque

class ErrorRateMonitor:
    def __init__(self, window_size=100, threshold=0.2):
        self.results = deque(maxlen=window_size)
        self.threshold = threshold

    def record(self, success):
        self.results.append(success)
        if len(self.results) >= 50:
            error_rate = 1 - sum(self.results) / len(self.results)
            if error_rate > self.threshold:
                log.warning(
                    "captcha_error_rate_high",
                    error_rate=round(error_rate, 3),
                    window=len(self.results),
                )

故障排除

常问问题

我应该记录验证码令牌吗？

记录令牌长度，而不是完整令牌。令牌可以超过 500 个字符，并增加不必要的日志量。

CAPCHA_NOT_READY 的日志级别是什么？

根本不记录它——这是轮询期间所期望的。仅记录最终结果。

使用 CaptchaAI 构建可观察的验证码工作流程

获取您的 API 密钥：验证码网站。

相关指南

• 在 PostgreSQL 中存储验证码结果
• 构建 CaptchaAI 使用仪表板
• 使用 Prometheus 和 Grafana 监控解决率