使用 cURL 的 Shell 脚本是与 API 交互的最可移植、无依赖性的方式。每个 Linux/macOS 系统都安装了 Bash 和 cURL。当您的 cron 作业、CI/CD 管道或监控脚本命中验证码时,CaptchaAI 的 HTTP API 直接使用 cURL 命令。
本指南涵盖了使用纯 Bash 进行 reCAPTCHA v2/v3、Cloudflare Turnstile 和图像验证码求解 - 无需 Python、Node.js 或其他运行时。
为什么使用 Bash + cURL 来解决验证码
- 零依赖性 – 每个 Linux/macOS 系统都附带 Bash 和 cURL
- 轻量级 - 没有运行时,没有包管理器,没有安装步骤
- Cron 友好 – 使用标准 cron 安排与 CAPTCHA 相关的任务
- CI/CD 就绪 - 适用于 Docker、GitHub Actions、Jenkins、GitLab CI
- 管道就绪 - 使用
jq、grep、awk和其他工具进行链验证码解决
先决条件
- 重击 4.0+
- cURL(Linux/macOS 上默认安装)
jq用于 JSON 解析:apt install jq或brew install jq- CaptchaAI API 密钥(在这里买一个)
核心功能
提交任务
#!/bin/bash
CAPTCHAAI_URL="https://ocr.captchaai.com"
submit_task() {
local api_key="$1"
shift
local params=("$@")
local response
response=$(curl -s -X POST "${CAPTCHAAI_URL}/in.php" \
-d "key=${api_key}" \
-d "json=1" \
"${params[@]}")
local status
status=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.status')
local request
request=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.request')
if [ "$status" != "1" ]; then
echo "ERROR: Submit failed: $request" >&2
return 1
fi
echo "$request"
}
投票结果
poll_result() {
local api_key="$1"
local task_id="$2"
local max_wait="${3:-300}"
local interval="${4:-5}"
local elapsed=0
while [ "$elapsed" -lt "$max_wait" ]; do
sleep "$interval"
elapsed=$((elapsed + interval))
local response
response=$(curl -s "${CAPTCHAAI_URL}/res.php?key=${api_key}&action=get&id=${task_id}&json=1")
local status
status=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.status')
local request
request=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.request')
if [ "$request" = "CAPCHA_NOT_READY" ]; then
echo "Waiting... (${elapsed}s/${max_wait}s)" >&2
continue
fi
if [ "$status" != "1" ]; then
echo "ERROR: Solve failed: $request" >&2
return 1
fi
echo "$request"
return 0
done
echo "ERROR: Timeout after ${max_wait}s" >&2
return 1
}
解决reCAPTCHA v2
solve_recaptcha_v2() {
local api_key="$1"
local site_url="$2"
local sitekey="$3"
echo "Submitting reCAPTCHA v2..." >&2
local task_id
task_id=$(submit_task "$api_key" \
-d "method=userrecaptcha" \
-d "googlekey=${sitekey}" \
-d "pageurl=${site_url}")
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then return 1; fi
echo "Task ID: $task_id" >&2
echo "Polling for solution..." >&2
local token
token=$(poll_result "$api_key" "$task_id")
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then return 1; fi
echo "$token"
}
# Usage
API_KEY="YOUR_API_KEY"
TOKEN=$(solve_recaptcha_v2 "$API_KEY" \
"https://staging.example.com/qa-login" \
"6Le-wvkSAAAAAPBMRTvw0Q4Muexq9bi0DJwx_mJ-")
echo "Token: ${TOKEN:0:50}..."
解决Cloudflare Turnstile
solve_turnstile() {
local api_key="$1"
local site_url="$2"
local sitekey="$3"
local task_id
task_id=$(submit_task "$api_key" \
-d "method=turnstile" \
-d "key=${sitekey}" \
-d "pageurl=${site_url}")
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then return 1; fi
poll_result "$api_key" "$task_id"
}
# Usage
TOKEN=$(solve_turnstile "$API_KEY" \
"https://example.com/form" \
"0x4AAAAAAAB5...")
解决reCAPTCHA v3
solve_recaptcha_v3() {
local api_key="$1"
local site_url="$2"
local sitekey="$3"
local action="${4:-verify}"
local min_score="${5:-0.7}"
local task_id
task_id=$(submit_task "$api_key" \
-d "method=userrecaptcha" \
-d "googlekey=${sitekey}" \
-d "pageurl=${site_url}" \
-d "version=v3" \
-d "action=${action}" \
-d "min_score=${min_score}")
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then return 1; fi
poll_result "$api_key" "$task_id"
}
解决图像验证码问题
solve_image_captcha() {
local api_key="$1"
local image_path="$2"
if [ ! -f "$image_path" ]; then
echo "ERROR: File not found: $image_path" >&2
return 1
fi
local base64_data
base64_data=$(base64 -w 0 "$image_path" 2>/dev/null || base64 "$image_path")
local task_id
task_id=$(submit_task "$api_key" \
-d "method=base64" \
--data-urlencode "body=${base64_data}")
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then return 1; fi
poll_result "$api_key" "$task_id"
}
# From URL
solve_image_from_url() {
local api_key="$1"
local image_url="$2"
local tmp_file
tmp_file=$(mktemp /tmp/captcha_XXXXXX.png)
curl -s -o "$tmp_file" "$image_url"
local result
result=$(solve_image_captcha "$api_key" "$tmp_file")
rm -f "$tmp_file"
echo "$result"
}
# Usage
TEXT=$(solve_image_captcha "$API_KEY" "captcha.png")
echo "CAPTCHA text: $TEXT"
完整的解算器脚本
保存为 captchaai.sh 并从其他脚本获取源:
#!/bin/bash
# CaptchaAI Solver Library
# Source this file: source ./captchaai.sh
CAPTCHAAI_URL="https://ocr.captchaai.com"
CAPTCHAAI_POLL_INTERVAL=5
CAPTCHAAI_MAX_WAIT=300
captchaai_submit() {
local api_key="$1"; shift
local response
response=$(curl -s -X POST "${CAPTCHAAI_URL}/in.php" \
-d "key=${api_key}" -d "json=1" "$@")
local status=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.status')
local request=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.request')
[ "$status" = "1" ] && echo "$request" || { echo "Submit: $request" >&2; return 1; }
}
captchaai_poll() {
local api_key="$1" task_id="$2" elapsed=0
while [ "$elapsed" -lt "$CAPTCHAAI_MAX_WAIT" ]; do
sleep "$CAPTCHAAI_POLL_INTERVAL"
elapsed=$((elapsed + CAPTCHAAI_POLL_INTERVAL))
local resp=$(curl -s "${CAPTCHAAI_URL}/res.php?key=${api_key}&action=get&id=${task_id}&json=1")
local req=$(echo "$resp" | jq -r '.request')
local st=$(echo "$resp" | jq -r '.status')
[ "$req" = "CAPCHA_NOT_READY" ] && continue
[ "$st" = "1" ] && { echo "$req"; return 0; }
echo "Solve: $req" >&2; return 1
done
echo "Timeout" >&2; return 1
}
captchaai_balance() {
local api_key="$1"
curl -s "${CAPTCHAAI_URL}/res.php?key=${api_key}&action=getbalance&json=1" | jq -r '.request'
}
captchaai_recaptcha_v2() {
local key="$1" url="$2" sk="$3"
local tid=$(captchaai_submit "$key" -d "method=userrecaptcha" -d "googlekey=$sk" -d "pageurl=$url") || return 1
captchaai_poll "$key" "$tid"
}
captchaai_turnstile() {
local key="$1" url="$2" sk="$3"
local tid=$(captchaai_submit "$key" -d "method=turnstile" -d "key=$sk" -d "pageurl=$url") || return 1
captchaai_poll "$key" "$tid"
}
captchaai_image() {
local key="$1" path="$2"
local b64=$(base64 -w 0 "$path" 2>/dev/null || base64 "$path")
local tid=$(captchaai_submit "$key" -d "method=base64" --data-urlencode "body=$b64") || return 1
captchaai_poll "$key" "$tid"
}
使用图书馆
#!/bin/bash
source ./captchaai.sh
API_KEY="YOUR_API_KEY"
# Check balance
echo "Balance: $(captchaai_balance "$API_KEY")"
# Solve reCAPTCHA v2
TOKEN=$(captchaai_recaptcha_v2 "$API_KEY" \
"https://staging.example.com/qa-login" \
"6Le-wvkSAAAAAPBMRTvw0Q4Muexq9bi0DJwx_mJ-")
echo "Token: ${TOKEN:0:50}..."
提交带有已解决令牌的表单
submit_form_with_token() {
local url="$1"
local token="$2"
shift 2
curl -s -X POST "$url" \
-d "g-recaptcha-response=${token}" \
"$@"
}
# Usage: solve then submit
TOKEN=$(captchaai_recaptcha_v2 "$API_KEY" \
"https://staging.example.com/qa-login" "SITEKEY")
RESPONSE=$(submit_form_with_token "https://staging.example.com/qa-login" \
"$TOKEN" \
-d "username=user@example.com" \
-d "password=password")
echo "Response: $RESPONSE"
与后台作业并行求解
#!/bin/bash
source ./captchaai.sh
API_KEY="YOUR_API_KEY"
RESULTS_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
# Define tasks
declare -A TASKS
TASKS["site-a"]="https://site-a.com|SITEKEY_A"
TASKS["site-b"]="https://site-b.com|SITEKEY_B"
TASKS["site-c"]="https://site-c.com|SITEKEY_C"
# Launch parallel solves
pids=()
for name in "${!TASKS[@]}"; do
IFS='|' read -r url sitekey <<< "${TASKS[$name]}"
(
token=$(captchaai_recaptcha_v2 "$API_KEY" "$url" "$sitekey" 2>/dev/null)
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "$token" > "${RESULTS_DIR}/${name}.token"
else
echo "FAILED" > "${RESULTS_DIR}/${name}.token"
fi
) &
pids+=($!)
done
# Wait for all
for pid in "${pids[@]}"; do
wait "$pid"
done
# Collect results
echo "=== Results ==="
for name in "${!TASKS[@]}"; do
token=$(cat "${RESULTS_DIR}/${name}.token")
if [ "$token" = "FAILED" ]; then
echo "$name: FAILED"
else
echo "$name: ${token:0:50}..."
fi
done
rm -rf "$RESULTS_DIR"
使用指数退避重试
solve_with_retry() {
local api_key="$1"
local solve_cmd="$2"
shift 2
local max_retries="${1:-3}"
local retryable_errors=("ERROR_NO_SLOT_AVAILABLE" "ERROR_CAPTCHA_UNSOLVABLE")
local attempt=0
while [ "$attempt" -le "$max_retries" ]; do
if [ "$attempt" -gt 0 ]; then
local delay=$((2 ** attempt + RANDOM % 3))
echo "Retry $attempt/$max_retries after ${delay}s..." >&2
sleep "$delay"
fi
local result
result=$($solve_cmd "$api_key" "${@:2}")
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "$result"
return 0
fi
# Check if error is retryable
local is_retryable=0
for err in "${retryable_errors[@]}"; do
if echo "$result" | grep -q "$err"; then
is_retryable=1
break
fi
done
if [ "$is_retryable" -eq 0 ]; then
echo "$result"
return 1
fi
attempt=$((attempt + 1))
done
echo "Max retries exceeded" >&2
return 1
}
Cron 作业集成
# Edit crontab: crontab -e
# Run daily at 8 AM
0 8 * * * /path/to/captcha-automation.sh >> /var/log/captcha.log 2>&1
cron 脚本示例:
#!/bin/bash
source /path/to/captchaai.sh
API_KEY="YOUR_API_KEY"
LOG_FILE="/var/log/captcha-$(date +%Y%m%d).log"
log() { echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $*" >> "$LOG_FILE"; }
# Check balance first
BALANCE=$(captchaai_balance "$API_KEY")
log "Balance: $BALANCE"
if (( $(echo "$BALANCE < 1.0" | bc -l) )); then
log "WARNING: Low balance!"
exit 1
fi
# Solve and process
TOKEN=$(captchaai_recaptcha_v2 "$API_KEY" \
"https://portal.example.com" "SITEKEY")
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
log "Solved successfully"
# Submit form, download data, etc.
curl -s "https://portal.example.com/data" \
-d "g-recaptcha-response=$TOKEN" \
-o "/data/export-$(date +%Y%m%d).csv"
log "Data exported"
else
log "ERROR: Failed to solve CAPTCHA"
exit 1
fi
Docker集成
FROM alpine:3.19
RUN apk add --no-cache bash curl jq
COPY captchaai.sh /usr/local/lib/captchaai.sh
COPY automation.sh /app/automation.sh
RUN chmod +x /app/automation.sh
CMD ["/app/automation.sh"]
故障排除
| 错误 | 原因 | 处理方式 |
|---|---|---|
ERROR_WRONG_USER_KEY |
API 密钥无效 | 在仪表板上验证密钥 |
ERROR_ZERO_BALANCE |
没有资金 | 充值账户 |
curl: (60) SSL certificate |
CA 捆绑包丢失 | 添加--cacert /path/to/ca-bundle.crt或-k进行测试 |
jq: command not found |
jq未安装 | apt install jq 或 brew install jq |
base64: invalid option -- 'w' |
macOS base64 语法 | 使用 base64 file 代替 base64 -w 0 file |
| 空响应 | 网络问题 | 向curl添加-v标志以进行调试 |
常问问题
我需要jq吗?
对于 JSON 解析,是的。或者,您可以使用 grep 和 sed 来提取值,但 jq 更可靠。
这适用于 macOS 吗?
是的,但请注意,macOS 使用 BSD 版本的 base64 和其他工具。该脚本处理 Linux 和 macOS base64 语法。
我可以在 Docker 容器中使用它吗?
是的。 Alpine Linux 与 bash、curl 和 jq 为验证码自动化创建了一个最小容器 (~10MB)。
如何安全地存储 API 密钥?
使用环境变量:export CAPTCHAAI_KEY="..." 并在脚本中引用 $CAPTCHAAI_KEY。切勿在版本控制文件中对密钥进行硬编码。
相关指南
- PowerShell + CaptchaAI Windows 自动化
- 使用 Perl 解决验证码问题
- CaptchaAI API 文档
从命令行解决验证码 -获取您的 API 密钥并使用 Bash 实现自动化。