使用 CaptchaAI 构建自动化测试管道

创建一个 CI 就绪的测试管道，在端到端测试期间解决验证码问题，因此您的自动化测试套件永远不会阻止验证码挑战。

项目结构

tests/
├── conftest.py          # Shared fixtures
├── helpers/
│   ├── captcha.py       # CaptchaAI integration
│   └── browser.py       # Selenium helpers
├── test_login.py        # Login flow tests
├── test_checkout.py     # Checkout flow tests
└── pytest.ini           # Config

CaptchaAI 测试助手

# tests/helpers/captcha.py
import requests
import time
import os


class CaptchaTestHelper:
    """Solve CAPTCHAs during automated tests."""

    def __init__(self):
        self.api_key = os.environ.get("CAPTCHAAI_API_KEY")
        if not self.api_key:
            raise EnvironmentError("CAPTCHAAI_API_KEY required for CAPTCHA tests")

    def solve_recaptcha(self, sitekey, pageurl):
        resp = requests.post("https://ocr.captchaai.com/in.php", data={
            "key": self.api_key,
            "method": "userrecaptcha",
            "googlekey": sitekey,
            "pageurl": pageurl,
            "json": 1,
        }, timeout=30)
        result = resp.json()
        if result.get("status") != 1:
            raise RuntimeError(f"Submit failed: {result.get('request')}")

        task_id = result["request"]
        time.sleep(15)

        for _ in range(24):
            resp = requests.get("https://ocr.captchaai.com/res.php", params={
                "key": self.api_key, "action": "get",
                "id": task_id, "json": 1,
            }, timeout=15)
            data = resp.json()
            if data.get("status") == 1:
                return data["request"]
            if data["request"] != "CAPCHA_NOT_READY":
                raise RuntimeError(data["request"])
            time.sleep(5)

        raise TimeoutError("CAPTCHA solve timeout in test")

    def inject_token(self, driver, token):
        """Inject solved token into Selenium browser."""
        driver.execute_script(
            'document.getElementById("g-recaptcha-response").value = arguments[0];',
            token,
        )
        # Trigger callback if available
        driver.execute_script("""
            if (typeof ___grecaptcha_cfg !== 'undefined') {
                var clients = ___grecaptcha_cfg.clients;
                for (var key in clients) {
                    var client = clients[key];
                    for (var prop in client) {
                        var val = client[prop];
                        if (val && typeof val === 'object') {
                            for (var inner in val) {
                                if (typeof val[inner] === 'function') {
                                    val[inner](arguments[0]);
                                    return;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        """, token)

Pytest 夹具

# tests/conftest.py
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from helpers.captcha import CaptchaTestHelper


@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def captcha_solver():
    return CaptchaTestHelper()


@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
def browser():
    options = Options()
    options.add_argument("--headless")
    options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
    options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage")
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
    driver.implicitly_wait(10)
    yield driver
    driver.quit()


@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def base_url():
    return "https://staging.example.com"

使用验证码登录测试

# tests/test_login.py
import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


class TestLogin:
    def test_valid_login_with_captcha(self, browser, captcha_solver, base_url):
        """Test that login succeeds when CAPTCHA is solved correctly."""
        browser.get(f"{base_url}/login")

        # Fill form
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "email").send_keys("test@example.com")
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "password").send_keys("testpassword123")

        # Solve CAPTCHA
        sitekey = browser.find_element(
            By.CLASS_NAME, "g-recaptcha"
        ).get_attribute("data-sitekey")

        token = captcha_solver.solve_recaptcha(sitekey, browser.current_url)
        captcha_solver.inject_token(browser, token)

        # Submit
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "login-btn").click()

        # Assert redirect to dashboard
        assert "/dashboard" in browser.current_url
        assert browser.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "welcome-message")

    def test_invalid_credentials_with_captcha(self, browser, captcha_solver, base_url):
        """Test that wrong credentials show error even with valid CAPTCHA."""
        browser.get(f"{base_url}/login")

        browser.find_element(By.ID, "email").send_keys("wrong@example.com")
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "password").send_keys("wrongpass")

        sitekey = browser.find_element(
            By.CLASS_NAME, "g-recaptcha"
        ).get_attribute("data-sitekey")

        token = captcha_solver.solve_recaptcha(sitekey, browser.current_url)
        captcha_solver.inject_token(browser, token)

        browser.find_element(By.ID, "login-btn").click()

        error = browser.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "error-message")
        assert "Invalid" in error.text

结账测试

# tests/test_checkout.py
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC


class TestCheckout:
    def test_checkout_flow_with_captcha(self, browser, captcha_solver, base_url):
        """Full checkout flow: add item, fill form, solve CAPTCHA, confirm."""
        # Add item to cart
        browser.get(f"{base_url}/products/test-item")
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "add-to-cart").click()

        # Go to checkout
        browser.get(f"{base_url}/checkout")

        # Fill shipping
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "address").send_keys("123 Test St")
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "city").send_keys("Test City")
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "zip").send_keys("12345")

        # Solve CAPTCHA on checkout page
        captcha_el = browser.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "g-recaptcha")
        sitekey = captcha_el.get_attribute("data-sitekey")

        token = captcha_solver.solve_recaptcha(sitekey, browser.current_url)
        captcha_solver.inject_token(browser, token)

        # Submit order
        browser.find_element(By.ID, "place-order").click()

        # Wait for confirmation
        wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 15)
        confirmation = wait.until(
            EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, "order-confirmation"))
        )
        assert "Thank you" in confirmation.text

Pytest配置

# tests/pytest.ini
[pytest]
markers =
    captcha: tests requiring CAPTCHA solving (cost per run)
addopts = -v --tb=short

GitHub 操作工作流程

# .github/workflows/e2e-tests.yml
name: E2E Tests

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  schedule:

    - cron: "0 6 * * 1"  # Weekly Monday 6 AM

jobs:
  e2e:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:

      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Python
        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
        with:
          python-version: "3.11"

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: pip install pytest selenium requests

      - name: Install Chrome
        uses: browser-actions/setup-chrome@latest

      - name: Run E2E tests
        env:
          CAPTCHAAI_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.CAPTCHAAI_API_KEY }}
        run: pytest tests/ -m captcha -v

故障排除

常问问题

运行验证码测试的费用是多少？

每个解决方案只需几美分。运行 10 个测试套件每日成本低于 10/month. 仅在需要时使用 pytest 标记运行 CAPTCHA 测试。

我可以在单元测试中模拟验证码吗？

是的。在单元测试中模拟 CaptchaTestHelper.solve_recaptcha 方法，并且仅使用实际求解进行 E2E 集成测试。

如何在本地跳过验证码测试？

使用 pytest -m "not captcha" 跳过标有 @pytest.mark.captcha 装饰器的测试。

相关指南

• 用于 QA 测试的 CAPTCHA 解决方案
• CI/CD 测试中的验证码

永远不要让验证码阻止您的测试 -”以 CaptchaAI 开头.